The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) protects workers who miss work for prolonged periods of time-up to 12 weeks within a 12-month period-due to personal medical reasons, to serve as a caregiver for a close family member who becomes ill or to bond with a new child (biological or adopted). To qualify for protection under this law, employees must have worked for their employer for at least 12 months, and worked 1,250 hours within that time.